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Тема:  Національна символіка Великобританії.

Читання:  прочитати і зробити переклад тексту про національні символи Великобританії.

Письмо: дати письмово відповіді на запитання після того, як прочитають текст.

Граматика: вивчення теперішнього тривалого часу.

Аудіювання: перегляд короткометражного фільму з теми.

Читання

The National Symbol of England

The red rose is the symbol of England. It comes from the history of the country.

This symbol goes back to the War of the Roses, which was the war within the country. In the 15th century two Houses were struggling for the English throne — the Lancastrians and the Yorkists. Red rose was the emblem of the Lancastrians and the white rose was that of the Yorkists. Their rival ended when King Henry VII, the Lancastrian, married Princess Elizabeth, the daughter of the Yorkist. Since that time the red rose has become the national emblem of England. An oak is also depicted as the national symbol of the country.

The National Symbol of Scotland

For many centuries the purple thistle has been Scotland's national emblem.

There is a legend that explains why it became the Scottish emblem. According to that legend, ancient Scandinavians (the Norsemen) wanted to plunder* the land of Scotland and settle there. So, they landed on the east coast of Scotland. The Scots gathered their army to defend the land. They assembled behind the river Tay and made a camp to have rest after a long march. The Scots were sleeping and did not expect the enemies.

When the Norsemen decided to attack the Scots, they took their shoes off not to make noise. But one of the Norsemen stepped on a thistle. That sudden and sharp pain made him scream. So the Scots heard this "alarm" and put the Norsemen to fight. That is how the thistle became the emblem of Scotland.

** plunder- грабить(мародерствовать)

The National Symbol of Wales

Wales has got two national symbols. These are the daffodil and the leek.

They are both connected to the Patron Saint of Wales.

According to the legend, during a battle against the Saxons, St. David advised his soldiers to wear leeks in their hats so that they could easily be distinguished from their enemies.

Another link between the leek and St. David is the belief that he had to live on bread and wild leek for several years.

However, today each year on St. David's Day the leek is worn in the cap badges of every soldier in every Welsh regiment.

But outside the army, many other Welsh people have substituted the leek by the daffodil, perhaps because it looks more attractive and certainly smells a lot better.

The daffodil is also associated with St. David's Day, due to the fact that it breaks into blossom on that day. Interesting to note that one of the many Welsh names for a daffodil is "Cenhinen Bedr" which means "Peter's leek".

**substitute-заменять

The National Emblem of Northern Ireland

The shamrock is the symbol of Northern Ireland. It is also connected to St. Patrick, Patron Saint of Ireland.

Saint Patrick is most famous for bringing Christianity to Ireland. The legend tells how he used the shamrock, a kind of a white clover with three leaves to explain the Holy Trinity. Apparently, he used it to show how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate elements of the same entity.

The red hand is also a symbol of Northern Ireland. The Red Hand is in its flag. According to the myth, there was time when the heir to the throne of Ireland was undecided. And they decided to hold a boat-race and the winner (the first who would reach the shore of Ulster) would be the king. One competitor so much desired the country that when he saw that he was losing the race, he cut his hand threw it to the shore and won. The hand is most likely red because it was covered with blood.

The National Flag of the UK. The National Anthem of the UK

The national flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the most obvious symbol of the United Kingdom. It is called the Union Jack.

"Jack" is an old word which means "sailor". It explains the name of the flag. King James III (1566-1622) ordered the Union Flag to be flown on the main mast of all British ships, except for the ships of war. So the flag was flown at the front of the ships. Union Jack is a mixture of several overlaid flags. It combines three flags representing England, Scotland and Ireland.

These flags are the crosses of the Patron Saint of England (St. George's Cross — red cross on a white ground), the flag of the Patron Saint of Scotland (St. Andrew's Cross — white diagonal cross on a blue ground) and the flag of the Patron Saint of Northern Ireland (St. Patrick's Cross — red diagonal on a white ground). St. David of Wales is not represented in the flag probably because Wales is a principality, not a kingdom.

Вопросы:
1. What is the flag of the United Kingdom made up of?

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2. What does the word "Britain" means in everyday speech?

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3. What do some Englishmen wear on St. George's Day?

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. How is the Welsh flag called?

_____________________________________________________
5. What day is a national day in Northern Ireland?

________________________________________________________
6. What day is regarded as Scotland's national day?

_________________________________________________________
7. What does the unicorn symbolize?

__________________________________________________________
8. What do three lions in the Royal Arms symbolize?

__________________________________________________________

Словарь:
background - основание
bank holiday - большой праздник
bishop - епископ
coats of arms - герб
church festival - церковный праздник
daffodil - нарцисс
everyday speech - обыденная речь
knighthood - рыцарское достоинство
monk - монах
nobleman - дворянин
patron saint - святой-покровитель
pin - прикалывать булавкой
purity - чистота
rampant - стоящий на задних лапах
shamrock - трилистник
thistle - чертополох
unicorn - единорог

Граматика

Present continuous (I am doing)
or present simple (I do)?

 (a) Изучите эти объяснения и сравните примеры:

Present continuous (I am doing) Present continuous применяйте, говоря о происходящем во время беседы или в близкое к этому время: I am doing			Present simple (I do) Present simple  используйте, говоря о событиях, действиях, происходящих вообще, либо повторяющихся: I do
past	now	future	past	now	future
The bell is ringing, the lesson is over.  (Прямо сейчас мы слышим звонок) There is no rain. The Sun is shining brightly. Let's go for a walk. -Where is Ann? -She is having her English lesson now. Present continuous используется в разговоре о временных явлениях: The vacuum cleaner is not working It broke down yesterday.			As a rule the bell rings when the lesson is over. (Он не звонит сечас, в момент разговора) The Sun shines in the day-time, and it doesn't at night. She has her English twice a week. Present simple используется в разговоре о долговременных ситуациях: The vacuum cleaner does not work.  You'd better buy a new one.

(b) В Unit 1 мы говорили о глаголах, которые обычно не используются в сontinuous tenses. Они используются только в simple tenses.

Например, Вы не можете сказать `I am liking'.

Вы можете только сказать I like. 

Вот список глаголов(но существуют и исключения),

которые не используются в continuous tenses:

want like belong know suppose need

love see realise mean forget prefer

hate hear believe understand remember seem 

have (если в значении 'владеть' - см.также Unit 24 )

think (в значении 'полагать')

- I have many books by this writer. (то есть обладать)

- I hate doing nothing

- She doesn't like reading newspapers.

- This car belongs to our neighbours.

- They can't hear us. They are too far away.

- She seems very tired.

- What do you think Tom will do? (в значении 'полагать')

Письмове завдання

Surname ____________________

Present Progressive - Exercises

Choose the correct form of the Present Progressive.

1. We  to a song.
2. Paul  an apple.
3. You  a nice jacket.
4. I  English grammar.
5. Linda and Ron  to the teacher.

Type in the verbs in the Present Progressive.

1. Jane (do)  the washing-up at the moment.
2. She thinks that her kids (run)  around in the garden.
3. But they (play/not)  in the garden.
4. Ben (sit)  in front of the TV.
5. He (watch)  a film.
6. Emma (lie)  on the sofa.
7. She (watch/not)  TV.

Construct questions in the Present Progressive.

1. (I/do/right/it) ?
2. (you/sleep) ?
3. (he/read/the paper) ?